Effect of Acid Rain on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Containing Micro-Silica and Limestone Powder | ||
| Journal of Mining and Environment | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 13، شماره 1، فروردین 2022، صفحه 185-200 اصل مقاله (4.14 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22044/jme.2022.11491.2137 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| M. Hosseini* ؛ A.R. Dolatshahi؛ E. Ramezani | ||
| Department of mining engineering, Imam Khomeini international university, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Concrete is among the widely used materials in all industries and mineral and civil activities worldwide, highlighting its significance. Most natural and non-natural phenomena can influence the concrete's physical and mechanical properties, causing many irreparable damages. Acid rain is a natural inevitable phenomenon, particularly in industrial zones with high pollution percentages. This work investigates the effect of acid rain on the concrete specimens containing micro-silica and limestone powder. To this end, the concrete specimens are divided into six groups. Throughout this paper, CN represents the concrete without micro-silica and limestone powder under no-rain conditions, CO is the concrete without micro-silica and limestone powder under normal rain conditions, CA is the concrete without micro-silica and limestone powder under acid rain conditions, CMLN is the concrete containing micro-silica and limestone powder under no-rain conditions, CMLO is the concrete containing micro-silica and limestone powder under normal rain conditions, and CMLA shows the concrete containing micro-silica and limestone powder under acid rain conditions. The measured physical properties are the effective porosity, dry density, water absorption, and velocity of longitudinal waves. The mechanical properties including the Brazilian tensile strength, uniaxial compressive strength, triaxial compressive strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle are also measured. For the samples of CN and CMLN, they are tested under no rainfall conditions, whereas the samples of CA and CMLA are tested after 20 cycles of acid rain (pH = 2). The samples of CO and CMLO are also tested after undergoing 20 normal rain cycles (urban water with pH = 7). In each test cycle, there is 1 hour of rain and 1 hour of no rain. The results obtained show that adding micro-silica and limestone powder improves its properties so that the decrease in the effective porosity, longitudinal wave velocity, dry unit weight, water absorption, Brazilian tensile strength, uniaxial compressive strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the specimens of CMLA is less than those for the specimens of CA. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Acid rain؛ Concrete؛ Microsilica؛ Limestone powder؛ Physical and mechanical properties | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1]. Winkler, E.M. )1994.( Stone in Architecture, 3nd Edition, Springer-Verlag, 313 p.
[2]. Bell, F.G. )2004(. Engineering Geology and Construction, 1st Edition, Spon Press, 797 p.
[3]. Moreiras, S., Paraguassu, A. and Ribeiro, R. (2008). Dimension stone for building facades: methodology for structural design, Bull Engineering Geology Environmental. 67: 53-57.
[4]. Sunil, B.M., Nayak, S., and Shrihari, S. (2006). Effect of pH on the geo-technical properties of laterite, Engineering Geology. 85: 197–203.
[5]. Binici, H., Kaplan, H. and Yilmaz, S. (2007). Influence of marble and limestone dusts as additives on some mechanical properties of concrete. Scientific Research and Essays. 2(9): 372-379.
[6]. Adel Mohammed, Z., Burhan Abdurrahman, R. and Ahmad, A.H.H. (2010). Influence of limestone powder as partial replacement of cement on concrete and the effect of high temperature on it. Al-Rafidain Engineering Journal (AREJ). 18(5): 24-34.
[7]. Ghalenoei, M., Khodabakhshian, A., and Asadi Shamsabadi, A. (2018). Effect of marble powder wastes and micro-silica as replacement for part of cement on concrete durability, Concrete Studies.11(2): 35-50 (In Persian).
[8]. Gong, J., Zhu, L., Li, J. and Shi, D. (2020). Silica Fume and Nano-silica Effects on Mechanical and Shrinkage Properties of Foam Concrete for Structural Application. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2020.
[9]. Singniao, P., Sappakittipakorn, M., and Sukontasukkul, P. (2020, July). Effect of silica fume and limestone powder on mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete. In IOP Conference Series: materials Science and Engineering. 897(1): p. 012009, IOP Publishing.
[10]. Mansoori, A., Moein, M. M., and Mohseni, E. (2021). Effect of micro-silica on fiber-reinforced self-compacting composites containing ceramic waste. Journal of Composite Materials. 55(1): 95-107.
[11]. Singh, T. N., Sharma, P. K. and Khandelwal, M. (2007). Effect of pH on the physico-mechanical properties of marble. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 66(1): 81-87.
[12]. Vazquez, P., Carrizo, L., Thomachot-Schneider, C., Gibeaux, S. and Alonso, F. J. (2016). Influence of surface finish and composition on the deterioration of building stones exposed to acid atmospheres. Construction and Building Materials. 106: 392-403.
[13]. Gibeaux, S., Vázquez, P., De Kock, T., Cnudde, V. and Thomachot-Schneider, C. (2018). Weathering assessment under X-ray tomography of building stones exposed to acid atmospheres at current pollution rate. Construction and Building Materials. 68: 187-198.
[14]. Hosseini, M. and Fakhri, D. (2021), Effect of acid rains on physical and mechanical properties of travertine, Mineral Resources Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 3, 83-97.
[15]. Mahdikhani, M., Bamshad, O., and Shirvani, M. F. (2018). Mechanical properties and durability of concrete specimens containing nano-silica in sulfuric acid rain condition. Construction and building materials, 167, 929-935.
[16]. Yong, D. (2020). Effect of Acid Rain Pollution on Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 450, No. 1, p. 012115). IOP Publishing.
[17]. Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, 2015, Concrete aggregates-properties, Standard No. 302 (In Persian).
[18]. Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (2013). Mixing room, moist chamber, moist room, and water ponds used in hydraulic testing of cement and concretes, Standard No. 17040 (In Persian).
[19]. ISRM (1979). Suggested method for determining water content, porosity, density, absorption and related properties, and swelling and slake durability index properties, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 16, 141–156.
[20]. ISRM (1978). Suggested methods for determining sound velocity, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr, 15, 53–58.
[21]. ISRM (1978). Suggested methods for determining tensile strength of rock materials, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr, 15, 99–103.
[22]. ISRM (1979). Suggested methods for determining the uniaxial compressive strength and deformability of rock materials, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci. 16: 138–140.
[23]. ISRM (1978). Suggested methods for determining the strength of rock materials in triaxial compression, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr. 15: 47–51.
[24]. Fahimifar, A. and Soroush, H. (2001). Rock Mechanics Tests, 1st volume, Soil Mechanics and Technical Laboratory Co. Publication, 1st Edition (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,636 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,570 |
||