A Novel Non-linear Analytical Solution for Thermal Performance of a Photovoltaic Module in Vicinity of Phase-changing Materials | ||
| Renewable Energy Research and Applications | ||
| دوره 6، شماره 1، فروردین 2025، صفحه 105-204 اصل مقاله (2.3 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22044/rera.2024.13663.1258 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Arash Mahdavi1؛ Mousa Farhadi* 1؛ Mofid Gorji Bandpy1؛ Amirhoushang Mahmoudi2 | ||
| 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati, Babol, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Thermal and Fluid Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Regulating the operating temperature of photovoltaic (PV) systems is essential for their longevity. An efficient passive cooling method involves the incorporation of Phase Change Materials (PCMs). In this study, a novel nonlinear analytical solution is employed to investigate the melting and solidification processes within the PV-PCM system, which operates continuously for 24 hours each day. The analytical approach significantly reduces computational time to a few seconds compared to over three months required by CFD techniques. The transformation of the partial differential energy equation into a nonlinear ordinary differential energy equation facilitates precise observation of both melting and solidification processes of the PCM material. The analytical approach is further applied to assess the performance of the PV-PCM system during two typical summer days in 2020 and 2021. Additionally, the impact of PCM thickness on the PV-PCM system is examined as a variable input. Results indicate that increasing PCM thickness from 1 cm to 5 cm reduces the peak temperature of the PV module by approximately 7 . This temporal shift is significant, enabling the PV module to operate at cooler temperatures during peak solar intensity, resulting in higher power output. The analytical solution proves instrumental in determining the optimal PCM thickness for a PV-PCM system in any location within seconds. Findings reveal that a 5 cm PCM thickness leads to a 13% decrease in maximum temperature and a 3.4% increase in minimum electrical efficiency. The integration of thermal energy storage enhances the overall efficiency and performance of the PV system. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Analytical solution؛ Melting؛ Solar energy؛ Solidification؛ Thermal energy storage | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] Nazir, Muhammad Shahzad, Amin Shahsavar, Masoud Afrand, Müslüm Arıcı, Sandro Nižetić, Zhenjun Ma, and Hakan F. Öztop. "A comprehensive review of parabolic trough solar collectors equipped with turbulators and numerical evaluation of hydrothermal performance of a novel model." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 45 (2021): 101103.
[2] Wang, Rong, Sandra Hasanefendic, Elizabeth Von Hauff, and Bart Bossink. "The cost of photovoltaics: Re-evaluating grid parity for PV systems in China." Renewable Energy (2022).
[3] Abdallah, Abdulhadi, Richard Opoku, Charles KK Sekyere, Samuel Boahen, Kofi O. Amoabeng, Felix Uba, George Y. Obeng, and Francis K. Forson. "Experimental investigation of thermal management techniques for improving the efficiencies and levelized cost of energy of solar PV modules." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering (2022): 102133.
[4] Kazem, Hussein A., Miqdam T. Chaichan, Ali HA Al-Waeli, and K. Sopian. "A review of dust accumulation and cleaning methods for solar photovoltaic systems." Journal of Cleaner Production (2020): 123187.
[6] De Vos, Alexis. "Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar cells." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 13, No. 5 (1980): 839.
[7] Photovoltaics Report – Fraunhofer ISE, 2020.
[8] Ma, Tao, Zhenpeng Li, and Jiaxin Zhao. "Photovoltaic panel integrated with phase change materials (PV-PCM): technology overview and materials selection." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 116 (2019): 109406.
[9] Mahdavi, Arash, Mousa Farhadi, Mofid Gorji-Bandpy, and Amirhoushang Mahmoudi. "A review of passive cooling of photovoltaic devices." Cleaner Engineering and Technology (2022): 100579.
[10] Mahdavi, Arash, Mohammad Amin Erfani Moghaddam, and Davood Domiri Ganji. "Hierarchical implementation of hybrid heat promoters fixated on operational conditions to accelerate the melting phenomenon of a triplex tube heat exchanger." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 25 (2021): 101008.
[11] Häusler, Tobias, and Harald Rogaß. "Photovoltaic module with latent heat-storage-collector." In 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion, proceedings of the international conference held at Vienna, Austria, 6-10 July 1998, Vol. 1, pp. 315-317. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1998.
[12] Huang, M. J., P. C. Eames, and B. Norton. "Thermal regulation of buildingintegrated photovoltaics using phase change materials." International Journal of heat and mass transfer 47, No. 12-13 (2004): 2715-2733. [13] Huang, M. J., P. C. Eames, and Brian Norton. "Comparison of predictions made using a new 3D phase change material thermal control model with experimental measurements and predictions made using a validated 2D model." Heat Transfer Engineering 28, No. 1 (2007): 31-37. [14] Huang, M. J., P. C. Eames, Brian Norton, and N. J. Hewitt. "Natural convection in an internally finned phase change material heat sink for the thermal management of photovoltaics." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 95, No. 7 (2011): 1598-1603. [15] Selimefendigil, Fatih, and Hakan F. Öztop. "Analysis of hybrid nanofluid and surface corrugation in the laminar convective flow through an encapsulated PCM filled vertical cylinder and POD-based modeling." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 178 (2021): 121623.
[16] Rostami, Sara, Masoud Afrand, Amin Shahsavar, M. Sheikholeslami, Rasool Kalbasi, Saeed Aghakhani, Mostafa Safdari Shadloo, and Hakan F. Oztop. "A review of melting and freezing processes of PCM/nano-PCM and their application in energy storage." Energy 211 (2020): 118698.
[17] Kumar, Amit, Ajeet Pratap Singh, and O. P. Singh. "Effect of novel PCM encapsulation designs on electrical and thermal performance of a hybrid photovoltaic solar panel." Solar Energy 205 (2020): 320-333.
[18] Essa, Mohamed A., M. Talaat, Abdalla Amer, and M. A. Farahat. "Enhancing the photovoltaic system efficiency using porous metallic media integrated with phase change material." Energy 225 (2021): 120299.
[19] Klemm, Torsten, Abdelhakim Hassabou, Amir Abdallah, and Olaf Andersen. "Thermal energy storage with phase change materials to increase the efficiency of solar photovoltaic modules." Energy Procedia 135 (2017): 193-202.
[20] Rad, Mohammad Amin Vaziri, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Soroush Mousavi, Fatemeh Rajaee, and Amir Kouravand. "Empirical investigation of a photovoltaic-thermal system with phase change materials and aluminum shavings porous media." Renewable Energy 167 (2021): 662-675.
[21] Xiong, Teng, Long Zheng, and Kwok Wei Shah. "Nano-enhanced phase change materials (NePCMs): A review of numerical simulations." Applied Thermal Engineering 178 (2020): 115492.
[22] Zhou, Jicheng, Qiang Yi, Yunyun Wang, and Zhibin Ye. "Temperature distribution of photovoltaic module based on finite element simulation." Solar Energy 111 (2015): 97-103.
[23] Ma, Tao, Jiaxin Zhao, and Zhenpeng Li. "Mathematical modelling and sensitivity analysis of solar photovoltaic panel integrated with phase change material." Applied Energy 228 (2018): 1147-1158.
[24] Emam, Mohamed, and Mahmoud, Ahmed. "Cooling concentrator photovoltaic systems using various configurations of phase-change material heat sinks." Energy conversion and management 158 (2018): 298-314.
[25] Khanna, Sourav, K. S. Reddy, and Tapas K. Mallick. "Effect of climate on electrical performance of finned phase change material integrated solar photovoltaic." Solar Energy 174 (2018): 593-605.
[26] Khanna, Sourav, Sanjeev Newar, Vashi Sharma, K. S. Reddy, and Tapas K. Mallick. "Optimization of fins fitted phase change material equipped solar photovoltaic under various working circumstances." Energy conversion and management 180 (2019): 1185-1195.
[27] Mahdavi, Arash, Mohammad Amin Erfani Moghaddam, and Amirhoushang Mahmoudi. "Simultaneous charging and discharging of multi-tube heat storage systems using copper fins and Cu nanoparticles." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 27 (2021): 101343.
[28] Mahdi, Jasim M., Rupinder Pal Singh, Hussein M. Taqi Al-Najjar, Sukhmeet Singh, and Emmanuel C. Nsofor. "Efficient thermal management of the photovoltaic/phase change material system with innovative exterior metal-foam layer." Solar Energy 216 (2021): 411-427.
[29] Duan, Juan. "A novel heat sink for cooling concentrator photovoltaic system using PCM-porous system." Applied Thermal Engineering 186 (2021): 116522.
[30] Duan, Juan. "The PCM-porous system used to cool the inclined PV panel." Renewable Energy 180 (2021): 1315-1332.
[31] Xu, Zhiming, Qinglu Kong, Hongwei Qu, and Chong Wang. "Cooling characteristics of solar photovoltaic panels based on phase change materials." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 41 (2023): 102667.
[32] Maghrabie, Hussein M., A. S. A. Mohamed, Amany M. Fahmy, and Ahmed A. Abdel Samee. "Performance enhancement of PV panels using phase change material (PCM): An experimental implementation." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 42 (2023): 102741.
[33] Mattei, Michel, Gilles Notton, Christian Cristofari, Marc Muselli, and Philippe Poggi. "Calculation of the polycrystalline PV module temperature using a simple method of energy balance." Renewable energy 31, No. 4 (2006): 553-567.
[34] Ogbomo, Osarumen O., Emeka H. Amalu, N. N. Ekere, and P. O. Olagbegi. "Effect of operating temperature on degradation of solder joints in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules for improved reliability in hot climates." Solar Energy 170 (2018): 682-693.
[35] Maadi, Seyed Reza, Meysam Khatibi, Ehsan Ebrahimnia-Bajestan, and David Wood. "Coupled thermal-optical numerical modeling of PV/T module–Combining CFD approach and two-band radiation DO model." Energy conversion and management 198 (2019): 111781.
[36] Hassanien, Ahmed Saeed, and Alaa A. Akl. "Effect of Se addition on optical and electrical properties of chalcogenide CdSSe thin films." Superlattices and Microstructures 89 (2016): 153-169.
[37] Seddegh, Saeid, Xiaolin Wang, and Alan D. Henderson. "A comparative study of thermal behaviour of a horizontal and vertical shell-and-tube energy storage using phase change materials." Applied Thermal Engineering 93 (2016): 348-358.
[38] Yuan, Yanping, Xiaoling Cao, Bo Xiang, and Yanxia Du. "Effect of installation angle of fins on melting characteristics of annular unit for latent heat thermal energy storage." Solar Energy 136 (2016): 365-378.
[39] Ye, Wei-Biao, Dong-Sheng Zhu, and Nan Wang. "Numerical simulation on phase-change thermal storage/release in a plate-fin unit." Applied Thermal Engineering 31, no. 17-18 (2011): 3871-3884.
[40] Kousha, N., M. J. Hosseini, M. R. Aligoodarz, R. Pakrouh, and R. Bahrampoury. "Effect of inclination angle on the performance of a shell and tube heat storage unit–An experimental study." Applied Thermal Engineering 112 (2017): 1497-1509.
[41] Faden, Moritz, Andreas König-Haagen, Stephan Höhlein, and Dieter Brüggemann. "An implicit algorithm for melting and settling of phase change material inside macrocapsules." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 117 (2018): 757-767.
[42] Bergman, Theodore L., Adrienne S. Lavine, Frank P. Incropera, and David P. DeWitt. Introduction to heat transfer. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
[43] https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/.
[44] Sharples, S., and P. S. Charlesworth. "Full-scale measurements of wind-induced convective heat transfer from a roof-mounted flat plate solar collector." Solar Energy 62, no. 2 (1998): 69-77.
[45] Swinbank, W. CQJR. "Long‐wave radiation from clear skies." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 89, No. 381 (1963): 339-348.
[46] Ahmadi, Rouhollah, Farhad Monadinia, and Mahdi Maleki. "Passive/active photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system implementing infiltrated phase change material (PCM) in PS-CNT foam." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 222 (2021): 110942.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,447 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 267 |
||